refactor: extract Brent price sources into dedicated classes

OilPriceService no longer inlines per-provider fetch/transform/error logic.
EIA and FRED are now their own classes with a common shape; the service
just iterates and upserts the first successful result.

app/Services/BrentPriceSources/EiaBrentPriceSource.php

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Services\BrentPriceSources;
+
+use App\Services\ApiLogger;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Http;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
+use Throwable;
+
+final class EiaBrentPriceSource
+{
+    private const string URL = 'https://api.eia.gov/v2/petroleum/pri/spt/data/';
+
+    public function __construct(private readonly ApiLogger $apiLogger) {}
+
+    /**
+     * @return array{date: string, price_usd: float}[]|null
+     */
+    public function fetch(): ?array
+    {
+        try {
+            $response = $this->apiLogger->send('eia', 'GET', self::URL, fn () => Http::timeout(10)
+                ->get(self::URL, [
+                    'api_key' => config('services.eia.api_key'),
+                    'frequency' => 'daily',
+                    'data[0]' => 'value',
+                    'facets[series][]' => 'RBRTE',
+                    'sort[0][column]' => 'period',
+                    'sort[0][direction]' => 'desc',
+                    'length' => 30,
+                ]));
+
+            if (! $response->successful()) {
+                Log::error('EiaBrentPriceSource: request failed', ['status' => $response->status()]);
+
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            $rows = collect($response->json('response.data') ?? [])
+                ->filter(fn (array $row) => ($row['value'] ?? '.') !== '.')
+                ->map(fn (array $row) => [
+                    'date' => $row['period'],
+                    'price_usd' => (float) $row['value'],
+                ])
+                ->all();
+
+            if ($rows === []) {
+                Log::warning('EiaBrentPriceSource: no valid observations returned');
+
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            return $rows;
+        } catch (Throwable $e) {
+            Log::error('EiaBrentPriceSource: fetch failed', ['error' => $e->getMessage()]);
+
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+}

app/Services/BrentPriceSources/FredBrentPriceSource.php

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Services\BrentPriceSources;
+
+use App\Services\ApiLogger;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Http;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
+use Throwable;
+
+final class FredBrentPriceSource
+{
+    private const string URL = 'https://api.stlouisfed.org/fred/series/observations';
+
+    public function __construct(private readonly ApiLogger $apiLogger) {}
+
+    /**
+     * @return array{date: string, price_usd: float}[]|null
+     */
+    public function fetch(): ?array
+    {
+        try {
+            $response = $this->apiLogger->send('fred', 'GET', self::URL, fn () => Http::timeout(10)
+                ->get(self::URL, [
+                    'series_id' => 'DCOILBRENTEU',
+                    'api_key' => config('services.fred.api_key'),
+                    'sort_order' => 'desc',
+                    'limit' => 30,
+                    'file_type' => 'json',
+                ]));
+
+            if (! $response->successful()) {
+                Log::error('FredBrentPriceSource: request failed', ['status' => $response->status()]);
+
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            $rows = collect($response->json('observations') ?? [])
+                ->filter(fn (array $obs) => $obs['value'] !== '.')
+                ->map(fn (array $obs) => [
+                    'date' => $obs['date'],
+                    'price_usd' => (float) $obs['value'],
+                ])
+                ->all();
+
+            if ($rows === []) {
+                Log::warning('FredBrentPriceSource: no valid observations returned');
+
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            return $rows;
+        } catch (Throwable $e) {
+            Log::error('FredBrentPriceSource: fetch failed', ['error' => $e->getMessage()]);
+
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+}

app/Services/OilPriceService.php

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ use App\Enums\PredictionSource;
 use App\Enums\TrendDirection;
 use App\Models\BrentPrice;
 use App\Models\PricePrediction;
+use App\Services\BrentPriceSources\EiaBrentPriceSource;
+use App\Services\BrentPriceSources\FredBrentPriceSource;
 use App\Services\LlmPrediction\OilPredictionProvider;
 use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
-use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Http;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
-use Throwable;
 
 class OilPriceService
 {
@@ -35,128 +35,28 @@ class OilPriceService
     private const int EWMA_MIN_ROWS = 14;
 
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly ApiLogger $apiLogger,
         private readonly OilPredictionProvider $provider,
+        private readonly EiaBrentPriceSource $eia,
+        private readonly FredBrentPriceSource $fred,
     ) {}
 
     /**
      * Fetch the last 30 days of Brent crude prices.
-     * Tries EIA first; falls back to FRED if EIA is unavailable.
+     * Tries each configured source in order; upserts the first successful result.
      */
     public function fetchBrentPrices(): void
     {
-        $rows = $this->fetchFromEia();
+        foreach ([$this->eia, $this->fred] as $source) {
+            $rows = $source->fetch();
 
-        if ($rows === null) {
-            Log::warning('OilPriceService: EIA fetch failed, falling back to FRED');
-            $rows = $this->fetchFromFred();
-        }
-
-        if ($rows === null) {
-            Log::error('OilPriceService: both EIA and FRED fetch failed');
+            if ($rows !== null) {
+                BrentPrice::upsert($rows, ['date'], ['price_usd']);
 
                 return;
             }
-
-        BrentPrice::upsert($rows, ['date'], ['price_usd']);
         }
 
-    /**
-     * Fetch Brent crude prices from the EIA Open Data API.
-     * Returns mapped rows or null on any failure.
-     *
-     * @return array{date: string, price_usd: float}[]|null
-     */
-    private function fetchFromEia(): ?array
-    {
-        $url = 'https://api.eia.gov/v2/petroleum/pri/spt/data/';
-
-        try {
-            $response = $this->apiLogger->send('eia', 'GET', $url, fn () => Http::timeout(10)
-                ->get($url, [
-                    'api_key' => config('services.eia.api_key'),
-                    'frequency' => 'daily',
-                    'data[0]' => 'value',
-                    'facets[series][]' => 'RBRTE',
-                    'sort[0][column]' => 'period',
-                    'sort[0][direction]' => 'desc',
-                    'length' => 30,
-                ]));
-
-            if (! $response->successful()) {
-                Log::error('OilPriceService: EIA request failed', ['status' => $response->status()]);
-
-                return null;
-            }
-
-            $rows = collect($response->json('response.data') ?? [])
-                ->filter(fn (array $row) => ($row['value'] ?? '.') !== '.')
-                ->map(fn (array $row) => [
-                    'date' => $row['period'],
-                    'price_usd' => (float) $row['value'],
-                ])
-                ->all();
-
-            if (empty($rows)) {
-                Log::warning('OilPriceService: no valid EIA observations returned');
-
-                return null;
-            }
-
-            return $rows;
-        } catch (Throwable $e) {
-            Log::error('OilPriceService: fetchFromEia failed', ['error' => $e->getMessage()]);
-
-            return null;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Fetch Brent crude prices from FRED (fallback).
-     * Returns mapped rows or null on any failure.
-     *
-     * @return array{date: string, price_usd: float}[]|null
-     */
-    private function fetchFromFred(): ?array
-    {
-        $url = 'https://api.stlouisfed.org/fred/series/observations';
-
-        try {
-            $response = $this->apiLogger->send('fred', 'GET', $url, fn () => Http::timeout(10)
-                ->get($url, [
-                    'series_id' => 'DCOILBRENTEU',
-                    'api_key' => config('services.fred.api_key'),
-                    'sort_order' => 'desc',
-                    'limit' => 30,
-                    'file_type' => 'json',
-                ]));
-
-            if (! $response->successful()) {
-                Log::error('OilPriceService: FRED request failed', ['status' => $response->status()]);
-
-                return null;
-            }
-
-            $rows = collect($response->json('observations') ?? [])
-                ->filter(fn (array $obs) => $obs['value'] !== '.')
-                ->map(fn (array $obs) => [
-                    'date' => $obs['date'],
-                    'price_usd' => (float) $obs['value'],
-                ])
-                ->all();
-
-            if (empty($rows)) {
-                Log::warning('OilPriceService: no valid FRED observations returned');
-
-                return null;
-            }
-
-            return $rows;
-        } catch (Throwable $e) {
-            Log::error('OilPriceService: fetchFromFred failed', ['error' => $e->getMessage()]);
-
-            return null;
-        }
+        Log::error('OilPriceService: all Brent price sources failed');
     }
 
     /**

tests/Unit/Services/OilPriceServiceTest.php

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ use App\Enums\TrendDirection;
 use App\Models\BrentPrice;
 use App\Models\PricePrediction;
 use App\Services\ApiLogger;
+use App\Services\BrentPriceSources\EiaBrentPriceSource;
+use App\Services\BrentPriceSources\FredBrentPriceSource;
 use App\Services\LlmPrediction\OilPredictionProvider;
 use App\Services\OilPriceService;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
@@ -15,7 +17,12 @@ uses(RefreshDatabase::class);
 beforeEach(function (): void {
     Http::preventStrayRequests();
     $this->provider = Mockery::mock(OilPredictionProvider::class);
-    $this->service = new OilPriceService(new ApiLogger, $this->provider);
+    $apiLogger = new ApiLogger;
+    $this->service = new OilPriceService(
+        $this->provider,
+        new EiaBrentPriceSource($apiLogger),
+        new FredBrentPriceSource($apiLogger),
+    );
 });
 
 // --- fetchBrentPrices ---